Eritrea - Daten & Fakten
Daten & Fakten
Eritrea
Capital
name: Asmara
geographic coordinates: 15 20 N, 38 56 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name means "they [women] made them unite," which according to Tigrinya oral tradition refers to the women of the four clans in the Asmara area who persuaded their menfolk to unite and defeat their common enemy; the name has also been translated as "live in peace"
geographic coordinates: 15 20 N, 38 56 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name means "they [women] made them unite," which according to Tigrinya oral tradition refers to the women of the four clans in the Asmara area who persuaded their menfolk to unite and defeat their common enemy; the name has also been translated as "live in peace"
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Eritrea
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Eritrea
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years
Legal system
mixed legal system of civil, customary, and Islamic religious law
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 117,600 sq km
land: 101,000 sq km
water: 16,600 sq km
land: 101,000 sq km
water: 16,600 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 75.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 6.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 68.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 15.1% (2018 est.)
other: 9.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 6.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 68.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 15.1% (2018 est.)
other: 9.8% (2018 est.)
Location
Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan
Age structure
0-14 years: 36.27% (male 1,145,134/female 1,130,829)
15-64 years: 59.73% (male 1,842,953/female 1,904,677)
65 years and over: 4% (2023 est.) (male 100,158/female 151,045)
15-64 years: 59.73% (male 1,842,953/female 1,904,677)
65 years and over: 4% (2023 est.) (male 100,158/female 151,045)
Birth rate
26.72 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Tigrinya (official), Arabic (official), English (official), Tigre, Kunama, Afar, other Cushitic languages
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 67.19 years
male: 64.56 years
female: 69.89 years (2023 est.)
male: 64.56 years
female: 69.89 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1.073 million ASMARA (capital) (2023)
Median age
total: 20.3 years
male: 19.7 years
female: 20.8 years (2020 est.)
male: 19.7 years
female: 20.8 years (2020 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
21.3 years (2010 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Net migration rate
-9.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
density is highest in the center of the country in and around the cities of Asmara (capital) and Keren; smaller settlements exist in the north and south as shown in this population distribution map
Population growth rate
1.08% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
3.5 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 43.3% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 3.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 8 years
male: 8 years
female: 7 years (2015)
male: 8 years
female: 7 years (2015)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-9.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
5.4% (2017 est.)
Labor force
1.675 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
50% (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate
8.05% (2021 est.)
7.86% (2020 est.)
5.99% (2019 est.)
7.86% (2020 est.)
5.99% (2019 est.)
Public debt
131.2% of GDP (2017 est.)
132.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
132.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
9% (2017 est.)
9% (2016 est.)
9% (2016 est.)
Exports
$624.3 million (2017 est.)
$485.4 million (2016 est.)
$485.4 million (2016 est.)
Exports - partners
China 62%, South Korea 28.3% (2017)
Imports
$1.127 billion (2017 est.)
$1.048 billion (2016 est.)
$1.048 billion (2016 est.)
Imports - partners
UAE 14.5%, China 13.2%, Saudi Arabia 13.2%, Italy 12.9%, Turkey 5.6%, South Africa 4.6% (2017)
Airports
13 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 5,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.1 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.1 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 792,000 (2021 est.)
percent of population: 22% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 22% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 306 km (2018)
narrow gauge: 306 km (2018) 0.950-m gauge
narrow gauge: 306 km (2018) 0.950-m gauge
Roadways
total: 16,000 km (2018)
paved: 1,600 km (2000)
unpaved: 14,400 km (2000)
paved: 1,600 km (2000)
unpaved: 14,400 km (2000)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 66,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 1.8 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 50 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 50 (2021 est.)
Disputes - international
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by 2002 Ethiopia-Eritrea Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement; Sudan accuses Eritrea of supporting eastern Sudanese rebel groups; in 2008, Eritrean troops moved across the border on Ras Doumera peninsula and occupied Doumera Island with undefined sovereignty in the Red Sea
Länderstatistik
Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Eritrea
4
040
000
EUR
4
200
000
EUR
3.96 %
Bekleidung
Eritrea
5
000
EUR
2
000
EUR
-60.00 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Eritrea
323
000
EUR
178
000
EUR
-44.89 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Eritrea
901
000
EUR
522
000
EUR
-42.06 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Eritrea
452
000
EUR
323
000
EUR
-28.54 %
Energieversorgung
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Eritrea
0
EUR
167
000
EUR
0.00 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Getränke
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Eritrea
0
EUR
30
000
EUR
0.00 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Eritrea
147
000
EUR
87
000
EUR
-40.82 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Eritrea
1
000
EUR
0
EUR
-100.00 %
Kohle
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Eritrea
4
000
EUR
10
000
EUR
150.00 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Eritrea
42
000
EUR
50
000
EUR
19.05 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Eritrea
27
000
EUR
0
EUR
-100.00 %
Maschinen
Eritrea
1
189
000
EUR
1
734
000
EUR
45.84 %
Metalle
Eritrea
28
000
EUR
20
000
EUR
-28.57 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Eritrea
57
000
EUR
173
000
EUR
203.51 %
Möbel
Eritrea
1
000
EUR
34
000
EUR
3 300.00 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Eritrea
6
000
EUR
93
000
EUR
1 450.00 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Eritrea
29
000
EUR
0
EUR
-100.00 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Eritrea
62
000
EUR
127
000
EUR
104.84 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Eritrea
26
000
EUR
0
EUR
-100.00 %
Sonstige Waren
Eritrea
670
000
EUR
650
000
EUR
-2.99 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Eritrea
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Textilien
Eritrea
70
000
EUR
0
EUR
-100.00 %