Finnland - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge:    Finnland Finnland
Capital
name: Helsinki

geographic coordinates: 60 10 N, 24 56 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the name may derive from the Swedish helsing, an archaic name for "neck" (hals), and which may refer to a narrowing of the Vantaa River that flows into the Gulf of Finland at Helsinki; fors refers to "rapids," so helsing fors meaning becomes "the narrows' rapids"
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Finland

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 6 years
Legal system
civil law system based on the Swedish model
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 338,145 sq km

land: 303,815 sq km

water: 34,330 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 7.5% (2018 est.)

arable land: 7.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 72.9% (2018 est.)

other: 19.6% (2018 est.)
Location
Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia
Age structure
0-14 years: 16.25% (male 466,311/female 446,015)

15-64 years: 60.5% (male 1,726,110/female 1,670,981)

65 years and over: 23.25% (2023 est.) (male 575,259/female 729,895)
Birth rate
10.33 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
10.37 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Finnish (official) 86.5%, Swedish (official) 5.2%, Russian 1.6%, other 6.7% (2021 est.)

major-language sample(s):
World Factbook, korvaamaton perustietolähde. (Finnish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 81.96 years

male: 79.08 years

female: 84.98 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1.338 million HELSINKI (capital) (2023)
Median age
total: 42.8 years

male: 41.3 years

female: 44.4 years (2020 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
29.5 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
2.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
the vast majority of people are found in the south; the northern interior areas remain sparsely populated
Population growth rate
0.22% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.74 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 85.8% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.42% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
5.9% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 20 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-0.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
2.77% (2021 est.)
Labor force
2.82 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
12.2% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate
7.53% (2021 est.)

7.76% (2020 est.)

6.69% (2019 est.)
Public debt
61.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

62.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.19% (2021 est.)

0.29% (2020 est.)

1.02% (2019 est.)
Exports
$116.905 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$97.789 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$107.084 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 13%, Sweden 9%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, China 6% (2021)
Imports
$116.277 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$97.037 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$106.664 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
Germany 16%, Sweden 15%, Russia 11%, China 7%, Netherlands 7% (2021)
Airports
148 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 1.846 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 5.115 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 93% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 5,918 km (2020) 3,349 km electrified
Roadways
total: 454,000 km (2012)

highways: 78,000 km (2012) (50,000 paved, including 700 km of expressways; 28,000 unpaved)

private and forest roads: 350,000 km (2012)

urban: 26,000 km (2012)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 207,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 7.15 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (2021 est.)
Waterways
8,000 km (2013) (includes Saimaa Canal system of 3,577 km; southern part leased from Russia; water transport used frequently in the summer and widely replaced with sledges on the ice in winter; there are 187,888 lakes in Finland that cover 31,500 km); Finland also maintains 8,200 km of coastal fairways
Disputes - international

various groups in Finland advocate restoration of Karelia and other areas ceded to the former Soviet Union, but the Finnish Government asserts no territorial demands


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Finnland
12 008 391 000 EUR
12 562 872 000 EUR
4.62 %
Bekleidung
Finnland
166 497 000 EUR
186 376 000 EUR
11.94 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Finnland
1 079 006 000 EUR
1 179 165 000 EUR
9.28 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Finnland
1 167 054 000 EUR
1 012 164 000 EUR
-13.27 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Finnland
972 564 000 EUR
993 468 000 EUR
2.15 %
Energieversorgung
Finnland
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Finnland
79 000 EUR
0 EUR
-100.00 %
Erze
Finnland
1 306 000 EUR
211 000 EUR
-83.84 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Finnland
132 105 000 EUR
123 346 000 EUR
-6.63 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Finnland
58 000 EUR
50 000 EUR
-13.79 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Finnland
56 000 EUR
1 217 000 EUR
2 073.21 %
Getränke
Finnland
55 154 000 EUR
52 673 000 EUR
-4.50 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Finnland
161 529 000 EUR
184 696 000 EUR
14.34 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Finnland
421 848 000 EUR
436 773 000 EUR
3.54 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Finnland
53 459 000 EUR
50 785 000 EUR
-5.00 %
Kohle
Finnland
22 000 EUR
53 000 EUR
140.91 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Finnland
52 847 000 EUR
86 440 000 EUR
63.57 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Finnland
2 485 419 000 EUR
2 012 048 000 EUR
-19.05 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Finnland
65 288 000 EUR
79 069 000 EUR
21.11 %
Maschinen
Finnland
1 751 732 000 EUR
2 009 676 000 EUR
14.73 %
Metalle
Finnland
589 846 000 EUR
764 773 000 EUR
29.66 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Finnland
503 907 000 EUR
496 592 000 EUR
-1.45 %
Möbel
Finnland
107 000 000 EUR
142 313 000 EUR
33.00 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Finnland
558 423 000 EUR
630 518 000 EUR
12.91 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Finnland
107 757 000 EUR
150 900 000 EUR
40.04 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Finnland
559 383 000 EUR
544 245 000 EUR
-2.71 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Finnland
122 501 000 EUR
143 180 000 EUR
16.88 %
Sonstige Waren
Finnland
764 624 000 EUR
1 146 068 000 EUR
49.89 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Finnland
12 559 000 EUR
14 459 000 EUR
15.13 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Finnland
9 383 000 EUR
8 981 000 EUR
-4.28 %
Textilien
Finnland
106 985 000 EUR
112 633 000 EUR
5.28 %