Indien - Daten & Fakten

Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Indien
14 877 500 000 EUR
16 464 961 000 EUR
10.67 %
Bekleidung
Indien
12 260 000 EUR
11 487 000 EUR
-6.31 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Indien
2 073 529 000 EUR
2 048 571 000 EUR
-1.20 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Indien
1 373 796 000 EUR
1 569 751 000 EUR
14.26 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Indien
1 240 104 000 EUR
1 463 096 000 EUR
17.98 %
Energieversorgung
Indien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Indien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Indien
3 692 000 EUR
4 480 000 EUR
21.34 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Indien
6 699 000 EUR
6 668 000 EUR
-0.46 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Indien
3 000 EUR
26 000 EUR
766.67 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Indien
3 909 000 EUR
5 379 000 EUR
37.61 %
Getränke
Indien
8 234 000 EUR
10 656 000 EUR
29.41 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Indien
188 809 000 EUR
194 744 000 EUR
3.14 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Indien
426 206 000 EUR
435 234 000 EUR
2.12 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Indien
121 583 000 EUR
106 652 000 EUR
-12.28 %
Kohle
Indien
118 000 EUR
15 000 EUR
-87.29 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Indien
42 193 000 EUR
34 605 000 EUR
-17.98 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Indien
633 140 000 EUR
910 179 000 EUR
43.76 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Indien
17 909 000 EUR
18 297 000 EUR
2.17 %
Maschinen
Indien
4 006 256 000 EUR
4 303 570 000 EUR
7.42 %
Metalle
Indien
625 456 000 EUR
501 555 000 EUR
-19.81 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Indien
463 260 000 EUR
483 745 000 EUR
4.42 %
Möbel
Indien
39 466 000 EUR
37 367 000 EUR
-5.32 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Indien
88 167 000 EUR
62 510 000 EUR
-29.10 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Indien
144 181 000 EUR
135 683 000 EUR
-5.89 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Indien
381 876 000 EUR
373 307 000 EUR
-2.24 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Indien
2 044 069 000 EUR
2 686 622 000 EUR
31.43 %
Sonstige Waren
Indien
852 861 000 EUR
988 104 000 EUR
15.86 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Indien
9 638 000 EUR
7 922 000 EUR
-17.80 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Indien
435 000 EUR
308 000 EUR
-29.20 %
Textilien
Indien
69 651 000 EUR
64 428 000 EUR
-7.50 %

Daten & Fakten
Flagge:    Indien Indien
Capital
name: New Delhi

geographic coordinates: 28 36 N, 77 12 E

time difference: UTC+5.5 (10.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the city's name is associated with various myths and legends; the original name for the city may have been Dhilli or Dhillika; alternatively, the name could be a corruption of the Hindustani words "dehleez" or "dehali" - both terms meaning "threshold" or "gateway" - and indicative of the city as a gateway to the Gangetic Plain; after the British decided to move the capital of their Indian Empire from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911, they created a new governmental district south of the latter designated as New Delhi; the new capital was not formally inaugurated until 1931
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of India

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
common law system based on the English model; separate personal law codes apply to Muslims, Christians, and Hindus; judicial review of legislative acts
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 3,287,263 sq km

land: 2,973,193 sq km

water: 314,070 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 60.5% (2018 est.)

arable land: 52.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 4.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 3.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 23.1% (2018 est.)

other: 16.4% (2018 est.)
Location
Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
Age structure
0-14 years: 24.77% (male 182,143,540/female 164,492,120)

15-64 years: 68.42% (male 494,814,550/female 462,533,456)

65 years and over: 6.8% (2023 est.) (male 43,860,101/female 51,335,818)
Birth rate
16.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
9.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Hindi 43.6%, Bengali 8%, Marathi 6.9%, Telugu 6.7%, Tamil 5.7%, Gujarati 4.6%, Urdu 4.2%, Kannada 3.6%, Odia 3.1%, Malayalam 2.9%, Punjabi 2.7%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.1%, other 5.6%; note - English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; there are 22 other officially recognized languages: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):

विश्व फ़ैक्टबुक, आधारभूत जानकारी का एक अनिवार्य स्रोत (Hindi)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 67.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 66 years

female: 69.6 years
Major urban areas - population
32.941 million NEW DELHI (capital), 21.297 million Mumbai, 15.333 million Kolkata, 13.608 million Bangalore, 11.776 million Chennai, 10.801 million Hyderabad (2023)
Median age
total: 29.5 years (2023 est.)

male: 28.8 years

female: 30.2 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
21.2 years (2019/21)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Net migration rate
0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
with the notable exception of the deserts in the northwest, including the Thar Desert, and the mountain fringe in the north, a very high population density exists throughout most of the country; the core of the population is in the north along the banks of the Ganges, with other river valleys and southern coastal areas also having large population concentrations
Population growth rate
0.7% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.07 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 36.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 2.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 12 years

male: 12 years

female: 12 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
10.27% (2021 est.)
Labor force
476.67 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
21.9% (2011 est.)
Unemployment rate
5.98% (2021 est.)

8% (2020 est.)

5.27% (2019 est.)
Public debt
46.52% of GDP (2018 est.)

47.58% of GDP (2017 est.)

47.63% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover central government debt, and exclude debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
5.13% (2021 est.)

6.62% (2020 est.)

3.73% (2019 est.)
Exports
$643.08 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$484.691 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$546.033 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
US 18%, UAE 6%, China 6%, Bangladesh 4%, Hong Kong 3% (2021)
Imports
$717.119 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$493.033 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$619.485 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
China 17%, UAE 7%, US 7%, Switzerland 6%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2021)
Airports
346 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 22.95 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 644 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 46% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 65,554 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 1,604 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

broad gauge: 63,950 km (2014) (39, 329 km electrified)
Roadways
total: 6,371,847 km (2021) note: includes 140,995 km of national highways and expressways, 171.039 km of state highways , and 6,059,813 km of other roads

note: includes 96,214 km of national highways and expressways, 147,800 km of state highways, and 4,455,010 km of other roads
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 23,773,751 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 1.15 billion (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 82 (2021 est.)
Waterways
14,500 km (2012) (5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for mechanized vessels)
Disputes - international

India-China: India’s relations with China have been fraught for decades; issues include disputed frontiers, as well as China’s support for Pakistan, India’s key rival, and China’s growing influence in India’s periphery, including in the Indian Ocean; in 2020, the two engaged in the worst bilateral border conflict since the Sino-Indian War of 1962; despite ongoing negotiations, including nearly 20 rounds of military-to-military talks as of 2023, tensions at the disputed border, known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC), remain high, and China holds a reported 580 square miles of territory previously patrolled by India; non-lethal clashes involving hundreds of soldiers from each side occured in December 2022; both countries maintain tens of thousands of troops and heavy weaponry at the LAC, and both continue to improve their infrastructure and military capabilities in the disputed border region 

India-Pakistan: India and Pakistan have fought three wars since 1948 over the disputed former princely region of Kashmir, the most recent in 1999; the two sides are separated by a Line of Control (LoC), a provisional military control line established in 1972 that splits Kashmir into two administrative regions; both countries have maintained a fragile cease-fire since 2003, although they regularly exchange fire across the LoC; both sides accuse the other of violating the cease-fire and claim to be shooting in response to attacks; India largely cut off bilateral engagement following an early 2019 terrorist attack in Pulwama, in Indian-held Kashmir, and a subsequent Indian airstrike on a suspected militant camp inside Pakistan India’s government continues to hold Pakistan responsible for supporting cross-border anti-India militancy, while Islamabad highlights India’s alleged repression of the Kashmir Valley’s overwhelmingly Muslim populace 

India-Bangladesh: boundary disputes have been arbitrated

India-Nepal: both sides claim ownership of the Kalapani-Limpiyadhura-Lipulekh tri-junction area, as well as the Susta area, located in the southern part of Nepal’s Nawalparasi district; there have also been sporadic disputes over other borders, such as in the Mechi River and Kali River regions related to issues of encroachment, land use, and cross-border crime