Kasachstan - Daten & Fakten
Länderstatistik
Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Kasachstan
2
801
787
000
EUR
3
224
769
000
EUR
15.10 %
Bekleidung
Kasachstan
40
908
000
EUR
51
353
000
EUR
25.53 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Kasachstan
231
680
000
EUR
263
042
000
EUR
13.54 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Kasachstan
224
104
000
EUR
246
653
000
EUR
10.06 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Kasachstan
125
091
000
EUR
204
859
000
EUR
63.77 %
Energieversorgung
Kasachstan
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Kasachstan
0
EUR
0
EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Kasachstan
0
EUR
1
071
000
EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Kasachstan
6
188
000
EUR
8
206
000
EUR
32.61 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Kasachstan
14
000
EUR
16
000
EUR
14.29 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Kasachstan
0
EUR
40
000
EUR
0.00 %
Getränke
Kasachstan
6
851
000
EUR
7
965
000
EUR
16.26 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Kasachstan
36
558
000
EUR
43
184
000
EUR
18.12 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Kasachstan
82
995
000
EUR
92
531
000
EUR
11.49 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Kasachstan
5
598
000
EUR
5
458
000
EUR
-2.50 %
Kohle
Kasachstan
0
EUR
66
000
EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Kasachstan
50
521
000
EUR
54
447
000
EUR
7.77 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Kasachstan
513
100
000
EUR
542
691
000
EUR
5.77 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Kasachstan
14
446
000
EUR
20
341
000
EUR
40.81 %
Maschinen
Kasachstan
648
323
000
EUR
953
198
000
EUR
47.03 %
Metalle
Kasachstan
34
980
000
EUR
34
644
000
EUR
-0.96 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Kasachstan
65
299
000
EUR
114
550
000
EUR
75.42 %
Möbel
Kasachstan
5
846
000
EUR
9
388
000
EUR
60.59 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Kasachstan
53
132
000
EUR
54
441
000
EUR
2.46 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Kasachstan
18
155
000
EUR
17
733
000
EUR
-2.32 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Kasachstan
229
766
000
EUR
219
841
000
EUR
-4.32 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Kasachstan
281
949
000
EUR
107
102
000
EUR
-62.01 %
Sonstige Waren
Kasachstan
114
438
000
EUR
154
667
000
EUR
35.15 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Kasachstan
373
000
EUR
352
000
EUR
-5.63 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Kasachstan
1
559
000
EUR
7
143
000
EUR
358.18 %
Textilien
Kasachstan
9
913
000
EUR
9
787
000
EUR
-1.27 %
Daten & Fakten
Kasachstan
Capital
name: Astana
geographic coordinates: 51 10 N, 71 25 E
time difference: UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
time zone note: Kazakhstan has two time zones
etymology: the name means "capital city" in Kazakh
note: on 17 September 2022, Kazakhstan changed the name of its capital city from Nur-Sultan back to Astana; this was not the first time the city had its name changed; founded in 1830 as Akmoly, it became Akmolinsk in 1832, Tselinograd in 1961, Akmola (Aqmola) in 1992, Astana in 1998, and Nur-Sultan in 2019; the latest name change occurred just three and a half years after the city was renamed to honor a long-serving (28-year) former president, who subsequently fell out of favor
geographic coordinates: 51 10 N, 71 25 E
time difference: UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
time zone note: Kazakhstan has two time zones
etymology: the name means "capital city" in Kazakh
note: on 17 September 2022, Kazakhstan changed the name of its capital city from Nur-Sultan back to Astana; this was not the first time the city had its name changed; founded in 1830 as Akmoly, it became Akmolinsk in 1832, Tselinograd in 1961, Akmola (Aqmola) in 1992, Astana in 1998, and Nur-Sultan in 2019; the latest name change occurred just three and a half years after the city was renamed to honor a long-serving (28-year) former president, who subsequently fell out of favor
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kazakhstan
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kazakhstan
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
civil law system influenced by Roman-Germanic law and by the theory and practice of the Russian Federation
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 2,724,900 sq km
land: 2,699,700 sq km
water: 25,200 sq km
land: 2,699,700 sq km
water: 25,200 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 77.4% (2018 est.)
arable land: 8.9% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 68.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 1.2% (2018 est.)
other: 21.4% (2018 est.)
arable land: 8.9% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 68.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 1.2% (2018 est.)
other: 21.4% (2018 est.)
Location
Central Asia, northwest of China; a small portion west of the Ural (Oral) River in easternmost Europe
Age structure
0-14 years: 25.26% (male 2386022/female 2,551,575)
15-64 years: 65.29% (male 6,226,792/female 6,533,887)
65 years and over: 9.44% (2023 est.) (male 660,397/female 1,184,791)
15-64 years: 65.29% (male 6,226,792/female 6,533,887)
65 years and over: 9.44% (2023 est.) (male 660,397/female 1,184,791)
Birth rate
17.6 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
8.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Kazakh (official, Qazaq) 83.1% (understand spoken language) and trilingual (Kazakh, Russian, English) 22.3% (2017 est.); Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 94.4% (understand spoken language) (2009 est.)
major-language sample(s):
Әлемдік деректер кітабы, негізгі ақпараттың таптырмайтын көзі. (Kazakh)
Книга фактов о мире – незаменимый источник базовой информации. (Russian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Әлемдік деректер кітабы, негізгі ақпараттың таптырмайтын көзі. (Kazakh)
Книга фактов о мире – незаменимый источник базовой информации. (Russian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 73 years (2023 est.)
male: 68.7 years
female: 77.7 years
male: 68.7 years
female: 77.7 years
Major urban areas - population
1.987 million Almaty, 1.291 million NUR-SULTAN (capital), 1.155 million Shimkent (2023)
Median age
total: 31.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 29.9 years
female: 33.5 years
male: 29.9 years
female: 33.5 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
28.9 years (2019 est.)
Net migration rate
-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
most of the country displays a low population density, particularly the interior; population clusters appear in urban agglomerations in the far northern and southern portions of the country
Population growth rate
0.9% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.59 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 58.2% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 16 years
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2020)
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
5.1% (2021 est.)
Labor force
9.248 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
4.3% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
4.9% (2021 est.)
4.89% (2020 est.)
4.8% (2019 est.)
4.89% (2020 est.)
4.8% (2019 est.)
Public debt
26.63% of GDP (2020 est.)
18.48% of GDP (2019 est.)
21.99% of GDP (2018 est.)
18.48% of GDP (2019 est.)
21.99% of GDP (2018 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
6.75% (2020 est.)
5.25% (2019 est.)
6.02% (2018 est.)
5.25% (2019 est.)
6.02% (2018 est.)
Exports
$66.132 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$52.355 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$65.919 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$52.355 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$65.919 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
China 13%, Italy 12%, Russia 10%, Netherlands 7%, France 6%, South Korea 5% (2019)
Imports
$49.196 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$46.218 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$52.539 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$46.218 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$52.539 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Russia 34%, China 24% (2019)
Airports
96 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 2,620,400 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 17.29 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 16,636 km (2021)
broad gauge: 16,636 km (2021) 1.520-m gauge (4,237 km electrified)
broad gauge: 16,636 km (2021) 1.520-m gauge (4,237 km electrified)
Roadways
total: 96,167 km (2021)
paved: 83,813 km (2021)
unpaved: 12,354 km (2021)
paved: 83,813 km (2021)
unpaved: 12,354 km (2021)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,997,400 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 24.323 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2021 est.)
Waterways
43,983 km (2020) (on the Ertis (Irtysh) River (80%) and Syr Darya (Syrdariya) River)
Disputes - international
Kazakhstan-China: in 1998, Kazakhstan and China agreed to split two disputed border areas nearly evenly; demarcation with China completed in 2002
Kazakhstan-Kyrgyzstan: in January 2019, Kyrgyzstan ratified the 2017 agreement on the demarcation of the Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan border
Kazakhstan-Russia: Russia boundary delimitation was ratified on November 2005; field demarcation commenced in 2007 and was expected to be completed by 2013
Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan: Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan signed a treaty on the delimitation and demarcation process in 2001; field demarcation of the boundaries with Kazakhstan commenced in 2005; Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan agreed to their border in the Caspian Sea in 2014
Kazakhstan-Uzbekistan: field demarcation of the boundaries with Kazakhstan commenced in 2004; disputed territory is held by Uzbekistan but the overwhelming majority of residents are ethnic Kazakhs; the two countries agreed on draft final demarcation documents in March 2022 and planned to hold another meeting in April 2022