Vietnam - Daten & Fakten

Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Vietnam
3 404 235 000 EUR
3 530 948 000 EUR
3.72 %
Bekleidung
Vietnam
8 690 000 EUR
8 547 000 EUR
-1.65 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Vietnam
570 198 000 EUR
711 263 000 EUR
24.74 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Vietnam
275 596 000 EUR
274 115 000 EUR
-0.54 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Vietnam
340 484 000 EUR
264 628 000 EUR
-22.28 %
Energieversorgung
Vietnam
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Vietnam
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Vietnam
3 777 000 EUR
5 062 000 EUR
34.02 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Vietnam
11 648 000 EUR
28 812 000 EUR
147.36 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Vietnam
10 000 EUR
58 000 EUR
480.00 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Vietnam
19 009 000 EUR
23 226 000 EUR
22.18 %
Getränke
Vietnam
24 961 000 EUR
27 604 000 EUR
10.59 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Vietnam
40 170 000 EUR
32 084 000 EUR
-20.13 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Vietnam
63 684 000 EUR
62 404 000 EUR
-2.01 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Vietnam
21 203 000 EUR
8 748 000 EUR
-58.74 %
Kohle
Vietnam
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Vietnam
6 610 000 EUR
7 233 000 EUR
9.43 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Vietnam
291 379 000 EUR
201 798 000 EUR
-30.74 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Vietnam
9 936 000 EUR
5 718 000 EUR
-42.45 %
Maschinen
Vietnam
512 824 000 EUR
537 409 000 EUR
4.79 %
Metalle
Vietnam
58 352 000 EUR
42 123 000 EUR
-27.81 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Vietnam
78 474 000 EUR
70 350 000 EUR
-10.35 %
Möbel
Vietnam
11 304 000 EUR
4 499 000 EUR
-60.20 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Vietnam
201 341 000 EUR
175 656 000 EUR
-12.76 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Vietnam
15 801 000 EUR
12 634 000 EUR
-20.04 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Vietnam
398 235 000 EUR
251 113 000 EUR
-36.94 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Vietnam
182 135 000 EUR
501 420 000 EUR
175.30 %
Sonstige Waren
Vietnam
167 884 000 EUR
196 083 000 EUR
16.80 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Vietnam
1 341 000 EUR
1 068 000 EUR
-20.36 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Vietnam
3 660 000 EUR
2 142 000 EUR
-41.48 %
Textilien
Vietnam
85 529 000 EUR
75 151 000 EUR
-12.13 %

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam
Capital
name: Hanoi (Ha Noi)

geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E

time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
civil law system; note - the civil code of 2005 reflects a European-style civil law
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 331,210 sq km

land: 310,070 sq km

water: 21,140 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 34.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 45% (2018 est.)

other: 20.2% (2018 est.)
Location
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, as well as China, Laos, and Cambodia
Age structure
0-14 years: 23.44% (male 12,975,791/female 11,593,157)

15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)

65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)
Birth rate
15.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 75.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.2 years

female: 78.6 years
Major urban areas - population
9.321 million Ho Chi Minh City, 5.253 million HANOI (capital), 1.865 million Can Tho, 1.423 million Hai Phong, 1.221 million Da Nang, 1.111 million Bien Hoa (2023)
Median age
total: 32.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 31.6 years

female: 33.8 years
Net migration rate
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
though it has one of the highest population densities in the world, the population is not evenly dispersed; clustering is heaviest along the South China Sea and Gulf of Tonkin, with the Mekong Delta (in the south) and the Red River Valley (in the north) having the largest concentrations of people
Population growth rate
0.93% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 39.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
3.58% (2021 est.)
Labor force
56.203 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
6.7% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
2.17% (2021 est.)

2.39% (2020 est.)

2.04% (2019 est.)
Public debt
58.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.83% (2021 est.)

3.22% (2020 est.)

2.8% (2019 est.)
Exports
$339.984 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$280.826 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
US 28%, China 17%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Hong Kong 4% (2021)
Imports
$338.021 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$261.683 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
China 39%, South Korea 17%, Japan 5%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 4% (2021)
Airports
45 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 16,699,249 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 71.78 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 2,600 km (2014)

standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge

narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Roadways
total: 195,468 km (2013)

paved: 148,338 km (2013)

unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 3.1 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 140 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
Waterways
47,130 km (2011) (30,831 km weight under 50 tons)
Disputes - international

Vietnam-Cambodia: Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities; issues include casinos built in Cambodia near the border, narcotics trafficking, trafficking of women and children, petrol smuggling, illegal logging, and illegal migration; progress on a joint development area with Cambodia is hampered by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore islands; in December 2021, leaders from the two countries agreed to fully complete the remaining border demarcation and the upgrading of border checkpoints

Vietnam-Cambodia-Laos: Cambodia and Laos protest Vietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities

Vietnam-China: an estimated 300,000 Vietnamese refugees reside in China; the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; small territorial exchanges were made during the demarcation; China occupies the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; cross border trafficking in women and children and illegal wildlife trade are problems along this border; In December 2021, China tightened its border controls over COVID concerns, restricting an important trade route for Vietnam

Vietnam-Laos: Laos opened a strategically important international border crossing with Vietnam in 2021, which will shorten the distance for goods and people transiting between Thailand and Vietnam