Äthiopien - Daten & Fakten

Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Äthiopien
140 653 000 EUR
173 286 000 EUR
23.20 %
Bekleidung
Äthiopien
770 000 EUR
952 000 EUR
23.64 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Äthiopien
23 520 000 EUR
18 596 000 EUR
-20.94 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Äthiopien
17 525 000 EUR
12 165 000 EUR
-30.58 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Äthiopien
5 122 000 EUR
6 408 000 EUR
25.11 %
Energieversorgung
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Äthiopien
578 000 EUR
879 000 EUR
52.08 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Getränke
Äthiopien
45 000 EUR
41 000 EUR
-8.89 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Äthiopien
1 510 000 EUR
1 072 000 EUR
-29.01 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Äthiopien
2 616 000 EUR
3 574 000 EUR
36.62 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Äthiopien
21 000 EUR
110 000 EUR
423.81 %
Kohle
Äthiopien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Äthiopien
708 000 EUR
25 000 EUR
-96.47 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Äthiopien
25 791 000 EUR
15 932 000 EUR
-38.23 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Äthiopien
351 000 EUR
391 000 EUR
11.40 %
Maschinen
Äthiopien
26 759 000 EUR
68 151 000 EUR
154.68 %
Metalle
Äthiopien
957 000 EUR
648 000 EUR
-32.29 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Äthiopien
3 126 000 EUR
6 464 000 EUR
106.78 %
Möbel
Äthiopien
335 000 EUR
277 000 EUR
-17.31 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Äthiopien
5 086 000 EUR
7 839 000 EUR
54.13 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Äthiopien
2 335 000 EUR
2 567 000 EUR
9.94 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Äthiopien
7 656 000 EUR
7 024 000 EUR
-8.25 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Äthiopien
5 932 000 EUR
6 806 000 EUR
14.73 %
Sonstige Waren
Äthiopien
8 924 000 EUR
10 095 000 EUR
13.12 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Äthiopien
67 000 EUR
26 000 EUR
-61.19 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Äthiopien
35 000 EUR
57 000 EUR
62.86 %
Textilien
Äthiopien
884 000 EUR
3 187 000 EUR
260.52 %

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Äthiopien Äthiopien
Capital
name: Addis Ababa

geographic coordinates: 9 02 N, 38 42 E

time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name in Amharic means "new flower" and was bestowed on the city in 1889, three years after its founding
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Ethiopia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 4 years
Legal system
civil law system
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 1,104,300 sq km

land: 1,096,570 sq km

water: 7,730 sq km

note: area numbers are approximate since a large portion of the Ethiopia-Somalia border is undefined
Land use
agricultural land: 36.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 15.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 20% (2018 est.)

forest: 12.2% (2018 est.)

other: 51.5% (2018 est.)
Location
Eastern Africa, west of Somalia
Age structure
0-14 years: 38.91% (male 22,821,026/female 22,498,331)

15-64 years: 57.55% (male 33,345,764/female 33,672,933)

65 years and over: 3.54% (2023 est.) (male 1,887,831/female 2,236,827)
Birth rate
30.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Oromo (official working language of Oromia Regional State) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of Somali Regional State) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of Tigray Regional State) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of Afar Regional State) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (2007 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Kitaaba Addunyaa Waan Qabataamaatiif - Kan Madda Odeeffannoo bu’uraawaatiif baay’ee barbaachisaa ta’e. (Oromo)

የአለም እውነታ መጽሐፍ፣ ለመሠረታዊ መረጃ እጅግ አስፈላጊ የሆነ ምንጭ። (Amharic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 67.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 64.9 years

female: 69.4 years
Major urban areas - population
5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023)
Median age
total: 20.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 20 years

female: 20.5 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
19.3 years (2019 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
Net migration rate
-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
highest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated as shown in this population distribution map
Population growth rate
2.4% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
3.92 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.5% of GDP (2019 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 9 years

male: 8 years

female: 8 years (2012)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
7.26% (2021 est.)
Labor force
56.664 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
23.5% (2015 est.)
Unemployment rate
3.69% (2021 est.)

3.24% (2020 est.)

2.33% (2019 est.)
Public debt
31.45% of GDP (2019 est.)

32.53% of GDP (2018 est.)

30.1% of GDP (2017 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
26.84% (2021 est.)

20.36% (2020 est.)

15.81% (2019 est.)
Exports
$9.496 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.715 billion (2020 est.)

$7.588 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
China 17%, United States 16%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Saudi Arabia 6%, South Korea 5%, Germany 5% (2019)
Imports
$20.859 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$17.17 billion (2020 est.)

$19.227 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
China 27%, India 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, France 9%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)
Airports
57 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 212,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 20.4 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 17% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 659 km (2017) (Ethiopian segment of the 756 km Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

standard gauge: 659 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge

note: electric railway with redundant power supplies; under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia and managed by a Chinese contractor
Roadways
total: 120,171 km (2018)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 890,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 65 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 54 (2021 est.)
Disputes - international

Ethiopia-Eritrea: Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement

Ethiopia-Somalia: the undemarcated former British administrative line has little meaning as a political separation to rival clans within Ethiopia's Ogaden (populated largely by ethnic Somalis) and southern Somalia's Oromo region; the Somalia-based terrorist group al-Shabaab has conducted cross-border assaults into Ethiopia as recently as 2022

Ethiopia-South Sudan: while border clashes continue in the al-Fashqa (Fashaga) area, the US views the 1902 boundary treaty between Ethiopia and Sudan as being in force

Ethiopia-Sudan: Ethiopia's construction of a large dam (the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam) on the Blue Nile in northern Ethiopia since 2011 has become a focal point of relations with Egypt and Sudan; Egypt has described the giant hydroelectric project as an existential threat because of its potential to control the flow of the river that is a key source of water for the country; Ethiopia completed filling the dam in 2023