Age structure
0-14 years:43.21%(male 23,494,593 /female 23,336,508)15-24 years:20.18%(male 10,857,968 /female 11,011,100)25-54 years:29.73%(male 15,978,384 /female 16,247,086)55-64 years:3.92%(male 2,059,129 /female 2,185,814)65 years and over:2.97%(male 1,445,547 /female 1,770,262)(2018 est.)
Birth rate
36 births/1,000 population(2018 est.)
Languages
Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of the State of Afar) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic
(2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
63.00
Major urban areas - population
4.4 million ADDIS ABABA (capital)
(2018)
Median age
total:18 yearsmale:17.8 yearsfemale:18.2 years(2018 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
20 years
(2016 est.)
Net migration rate
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2018 est.)
Population distribution
highest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated
Population growth rate
2.83%(2018 est.)
Total fertility rate
4.91 children born/woman(2018 est.)
Urbanization
rate of urbanization:
4.63% annual rate of change
(2015-20 est.)