Griechenland - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Griechenland Griechenland
Capital
name: Athens

geographic coordinates: 37 59 N, 23 44 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: Athens is the oldest European capital city; according to tradition, the city is named after Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom; in actuality, the appellation probably derives from a lost name in a pre-Hellenic language
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Greece

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Legal system
civil legal system based on Roman law
Suffrage
17 years of age; universal and compulsory
Area
total: 131,957 sq km

land: 130,647 sq km

water: 1,310 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 63.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 8.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 34.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 30.5% (2018 est.)

other: 6.1% (2018 est.)
Location
Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey
Age structure
0-14 years: 14.02% (male 758,311/female 713,794)

15-64 years: 62.66% (male 3,285,484/female 3,292,524)

65 years and over: 23.31% (2023 est.) (male 1,086,188/female 1,361,294)
Birth rate
7.52 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
12.02 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Greek (official) 99%, other (includes English and French) 1%

major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 81.71 years

male: 79.18 years

female: 84.4 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
3.154 million ATHENS (capital), 815,000 Thessaloniki (2023)
Median age
total: 45.3 years

male: 43.7 years

female: 46.8 years (2020 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
30.7 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
1.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters
Population growth rate
-0.35% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.4 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 80.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 20 years

male: 20 years

female: 20 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
10.67% (2021 est.)
Labor force
4.619 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
17.9% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
14.8% (2021 est.)

16.3% (2020 est.)

17.31% (2019 est.)
Public debt
252.29% of GDP (2020 est.)

212.38% of GDP (2019 est.)

208.84% of GDP (2018 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.22% (2021 est.)

-1.25% (2020 est.)

0.25% (2019 est.)
Exports
$87.521 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$59.022 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$81.184 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
Italy 10%, Germany 7%, Turkey 5%, Cyprus 5%, Bulgaria 5% (2019)
Imports
$103.532 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$71.758 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$83.192 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Germany 11%, China 9%, Italy 8%, Iraq 7%, Russia 6%, Netherlands 5% (2019)
Airports
77 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 4,257,026 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 7.8 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 78% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 2,345 km (2020) 731 km electrified
Roadways
total: 117,000 km (2018)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 4,913,036 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 11,494,008 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.)
Waterways
6 km (2012) (the 6-km-long Corinth Canal crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; it shortens a sea voyage by 325 km)
Disputes - international

Greece and Turkey continue discussions to resolve their complex maritime, air, territorial, and boundary disputes in the Aegean Sea; the mass migration of unemployed Albanians still remains a problem for developed countries, chiefly Greece and Italy


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Griechenland
7 122 533 000 EUR
8 376 946 000 EUR
17.61 %
Bekleidung
Griechenland
93 070 000 EUR
130 045 000 EUR
39.73 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Griechenland
1 282 868 000 EUR
1 530 438 000 EUR
19.30 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Griechenland
673 052 000 EUR
666 021 000 EUR
-1.04 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Griechenland
296 763 000 EUR
336 430 000 EUR
13.37 %
Energieversorgung
Griechenland
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Griechenland
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Griechenland
99 000 EUR
103 000 EUR
4.04 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Griechenland
36 165 000 EUR
53 083 000 EUR
46.78 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Griechenland
39 000 EUR
259 000 EUR
564.10 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Griechenland
472 000 EUR
470 000 EUR
-0.42 %
Getränke
Griechenland
22 698 000 EUR
28 165 000 EUR
24.09 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Griechenland
42 424 000 EUR
44 269 000 EUR
4.35 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Griechenland
249 043 000 EUR
243 272 000 EUR
-2.32 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Griechenland
15 094 000 EUR
17 374 000 EUR
15.11 %
Kohle
Griechenland
18 000 EUR
27 000 EUR
50.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Griechenland
26 528 000 EUR
36 692 000 EUR
38.31 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Griechenland
498 510 000 EUR
595 395 000 EUR
19.43 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Griechenland
68 349 000 EUR
93 212 000 EUR
36.38 %
Maschinen
Griechenland
637 085 000 EUR
667 792 000 EUR
4.82 %
Metalle
Griechenland
209 515 000 EUR
220 451 000 EUR
5.22 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Griechenland
137 240 000 EUR
151 933 000 EUR
10.71 %
Möbel
Griechenland
23 215 000 EUR
22 092 000 EUR
-4.84 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Griechenland
794 130 000 EUR
1 000 479 000 EUR
25.98 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Griechenland
130 022 000 EUR
170 587 000 EUR
31.20 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Griechenland
1 234 880 000 EUR
1 138 964 000 EUR
-7.77 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Griechenland
176 325 000 EUR
725 288 000 EUR
311.34 %
Sonstige Waren
Griechenland
375 053 000 EUR
392 377 000 EUR
4.62 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Griechenland
4 594 000 EUR
4 421 000 EUR
-3.77 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Griechenland
53 213 000 EUR
61 213 000 EUR
15.03 %
Textilien
Griechenland
42 069 000 EUR
46 094 000 EUR
9.57 %