Iran - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Iran Iran
Capital
name: Tehran

geographic coordinates: 35 42 N, 51 25 E

time difference: UTC+3.5 (8.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins fourth Wednesday in March; ends fourth Friday in September

etymology: various explanations of the city's name have been proffered, but the most plausible states that it derives from the Persian words tah meaning "end or bottom" and ran meaning "[mountain] slope" to signify "bottom of the mountain slope"; Tehran lies at the bottom slope of the Elburz Mountains
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Iran

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
religious legal system based on secular and Islamic law
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 1,648,195 sq km

land: 1,531,595 sq km

water: 116,600 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 30.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 10.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 18.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 6.8% (2018 est.)

other: 63.1% (2018 est.)
Location
Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan
Age structure
0-14 years: 23.51% (male 10,533,573/female 10,060,225)

15-64 years: 69.82% (male 31,140,117/female 30,014,613)

65 years and over: 6.67% (2023 est.) (male 2,723,298/female 3,119,047)
Birth rate
14.79 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Persian Farsi (official), Azeri and other Turkic dialects, Kurdish, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Luri, Balochi, Arabic

major-language sample(s):
چکیده نامه جهان، منبعی ضروری برای کسب اطلاعات کلی جهان (Persian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 75.44 years

male: 74.07 years

female: 76.87 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
9.500 million TEHRAN (capital), 3.368 million Mashhad, 2.258 million Esfahan, 1.721 million Shiraz, 1.661 million Tabriz, 1.594 million Karaj (2023)
Median age
total: 31.7 years

male: 31.5 years

female: 32 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
population is concentrated in the north, northwest, and west, reflecting the position of the Zagros and Elburz Mountains; the vast dry areas in the center and eastern parts of the country, around the deserts of the Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, have a much lower population density
Population growth rate
0.93% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.92 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 77.3% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
3.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-2.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
3.21% (2021 est.)
Labor force
27.682 million (2021 est.)

note: shortage of skilled labor
Population below poverty line
18.7% (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate
11.46% (2021 est.)

12.17% (2020 est.)

10.74% (2019 est.)

note: data are Iranian Government numbers
Public debt
39.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: includes publicly guaranteed debt
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
43.39% (2021 est.)

30.59% (2020 est.)

39.91% (2019 est.)

note: official Iranian estimate
Exports
$101.4 billion (2017 est.)

$83.98 billion (2016 est.)
Exports - partners
China 48%, India 12%, South Korea 8%, Turkey 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)
Imports
$76.39 billion (2017 est.)

$63.14 billion (2016 est.)
Imports - partners
China 28%, United Arab Emirates 20%, India 11%, Turkey 7%, Brazil 6%, Germany 5% (2019)
Airports
319 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 9,564,195 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 69.52 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 8,483.5 km (2014)

standard gauge: 8,389.5 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (189.5 km electrified)

broad gauge: 94 km (2014) 1.676-m gauge
Roadways
total: 223,485 km (2018)

paved: 195,485 km (2018)

unpaved: 28,000 km (2018)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 29,306,782 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 135,899,424 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 155 (2021 est.)
Waterways
850 km (2012) (on Karun River; some navigation on Lake Urmia)
Disputes - international

Iran-Afghanistan: Iran protests Afghanistan's limiting flow of dammed Helmand River tributaries during drought; Afghan and Iranian commissioners have discussed boundary monument densification and resurvey

Iran-Azerbaijan-Kazakhstan-Russia: Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia ratified a Caspian seabed delimitation treaty in 2018 based on equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on a one-fifth slice of the sea

Iran-Iraq: Iraq's lack of a maritime boundary with Iran prompts jurisdiction disputes beyond the mouth of the Shatt al Arab in the Persian Gulf

Iran-UAE: Iran and UAE dispute Tunb Islands and Abu Musa Island, which are occupied by Iran; the dispute was rehashed at the September 2021 UN General Assembly meeting; Iran’s Islamic Revolution Guards Corp opened an airport on Greater Tunb in February 2022


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Iran
1 440 548 000 EUR
1 582 304 000 EUR
9.84 %
Bekleidung
Iran
470 000 EUR
253 000 EUR
-46.17 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Iran
230 274 000 EUR
173 194 000 EUR
-24.79 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Iran
82 803 000 EUR
81 305 000 EUR
-1.81 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Iran
65 401 000 EUR
66 161 000 EUR
1.16 %
Energieversorgung
Iran
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Iran
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Iran
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Iran
269 782 000 EUR
463 612 000 EUR
71.85 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Iran
194 000 EUR
51 000 EUR
-73.71 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Iran
99 000 EUR
80 000 EUR
-19.19 %
Getränke
Iran
144 000 EUR
203 000 EUR
40.97 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Iran
15 553 000 EUR
11 802 000 EUR
-24.12 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Iran
22 119 000 EUR
18 893 000 EUR
-14.58 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Iran
1 030 000 EUR
1 143 000 EUR
10.97 %
Kohle
Iran
0 EUR
8 000 EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Iran
2 556 000 EUR
3 840 000 EUR
50.23 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Iran
10 051 000 EUR
10 302 000 EUR
2.50 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Iran
98 000 EUR
193 000 EUR
96.94 %
Maschinen
Iran
274 711 000 EUR
291 580 000 EUR
6.14 %
Metalle
Iran
16 026 000 EUR
10 485 000 EUR
-34.58 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Iran
15 668 000 EUR
23 692 000 EUR
51.21 %
Möbel
Iran
79 000 EUR
222 000 EUR
181.01 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Iran
23 913 000 EUR
38 407 000 EUR
60.61 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Iran
16 699 000 EUR
13 793 000 EUR
-17.40 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Iran
227 892 000 EUR
212 222 000 EUR
-6.88 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Iran
9 386 000 EUR
18 910 000 EUR
101.47 %
Sonstige Waren
Iran
86 466 000 EUR
71 222 000 EUR
-17.63 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Iran
380 000 EUR
404 000 EUR
6.32 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Iran
66 107 000 EUR
67 010 000 EUR
1.37 %
Textilien
Iran
2 647 000 EUR
3 317 000 EUR
25.31 %