Peru - Daten & Fakten

Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Peru
1 190 390 000 EUR
1 081 909 000 EUR
-9.11 %
Bekleidung
Peru
1 678 000 EUR
3 376 000 EUR
101.19 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Peru
152 327 000 EUR
154 927 000 EUR
1.71 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Peru
74 208 000 EUR
78 121 000 EUR
5.27 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Peru
59 150 000 EUR
62 781 000 EUR
6.14 %
Energieversorgung
Peru
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Peru
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Peru
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Peru
3 105 000 EUR
2 412 000 EUR
-22.32 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Peru
3 000 EUR
2 000 EUR
-33.33 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Peru
87 000 EUR
93 000 EUR
6.90 %
Getränke
Peru
5 124 000 EUR
3 934 000 EUR
-23.22 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Peru
13 444 000 EUR
11 052 000 EUR
-17.79 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Peru
36 284 000 EUR
36 225 000 EUR
-0.16 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Peru
7 889 000 EUR
3 925 000 EUR
-50.25 %
Kohle
Peru
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Peru
9 732 000 EUR
9 253 000 EUR
-4.92 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Peru
101 475 000 EUR
133 130 000 EUR
31.19 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Peru
1 355 000 EUR
2 171 000 EUR
60.22 %
Maschinen
Peru
211 653 000 EUR
227 873 000 EUR
7.66 %
Metalle
Peru
38 949 000 EUR
27 842 000 EUR
-28.52 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Peru
29 584 000 EUR
30 324 000 EUR
2.50 %
Möbel
Peru
1 981 000 EUR
2 649 000 EUR
33.72 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Peru
34 320 000 EUR
39 572 000 EUR
15.30 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Peru
35 157 000 EUR
11 663 000 EUR
-66.83 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Peru
304 626 000 EUR
174 107 000 EUR
-42.85 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Peru
4 525 000 EUR
3 466 000 EUR
-23.40 %
Sonstige Waren
Peru
57 441 000 EUR
57 573 000 EUR
0.23 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Peru
1 337 000 EUR
890 000 EUR
-33.43 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Peru
58 000 EUR
82 000 EUR
41.38 %
Textilien
Peru
4 898 000 EUR
4 466 000 EUR
-8.82 %

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Peru Peru
Capital
name: Lima

geographic coordinates: 12 03 S, 77 03 W

time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the word "Lima" derives from the Spanish pronunciation of "Limaq," the native name for the valley in which the city was founded in 1535; "limaq" means "talker" in coastal Quechua and referred to an oracle that was situated in the valley but which was eventually destroyed by the Spanish and replaced with a church
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 2 years
Legal system
civil law system
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70
Area
total: 1,285,216 sq km

land: 1,279,996 sq km

water: 5,220 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 18.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 53% (2018 est.)

other: 28.2% (2018 est.)
Location
Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador
Age structure
0-14 years: 26.04% (male 4,311,243/female 4,136,849)

15-64 years: 65.94% (male 10,452,598/female 10,937,233)

65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 1,134,587/female 1,467,662)
Birth rate
17 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
11 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.7% (2017 est.)

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 68.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 65.4 years

female: 72.7 years
Major urban areas - population
11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023)
Median age
total: 30.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 29.1 years

female: 31.1 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
21.9 years (2013 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Net migration rate
-0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
approximately one-third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima; the Andean highlands, or sierra, which is strongly identified with the country's Amerindian population, contains roughly half of the overall population; the eastern slopes of the Andes, and adjoining rainforest, are sparsely populated
Population growth rate
0.5% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.18 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4% of GDP (2021 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2017)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
16.44% (2021 est.)
Labor force
18.352 million (2021 est.)

note: individuals older than 14 years of age
Population below poverty line
20.2% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate
4.83% (2021 est.)

7.18% (2020 est.)

3.38% (2019 est.)

note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment
Public debt
34.67% of GDP (2020 est.)

26.54% of GDP (2019 est.)

25.7% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued by government entities other than the treasury; the data exclude treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
4.27% (2021 est.)

2% (2020 est.)

2.25% (2019 est.)

note: data are for metropolitan Lima, annual average
Exports
$66.098 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$45.624 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$54.676 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
China 29%, United States 12%, Canada 5%, South Korea 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)
Imports
$58.611 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.093 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$51.778 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
China 24%, United States 22%, Brazil 6% (2019)
Airports
191 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 3.044 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 24.14 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 1,854.4 km (2017)

standard gauge: 1,730.4 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (34 km electrified)

narrow gauge: 124 km (2014) 0.914-m gauge
Roadways
total: 18,699 km (2018)

paved: 18,699 km

note: includes 27,109 km of national roads (21,434 km paved), 247,505 km of departmental roads (3,623 km paved), and 113,857 km of local roads (1,858 km paved)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,266,025 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 43,129,394 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2021 est.)
Waterways
8,808 km (2011) (8,600 km of navigable tributaries on the Amazon River system and 208 km on Lago Titicaca)
Disputes - international

Peru-Bolivia: Peru rejects Bolivia's claim to restore maritime access through a sovereign corridor through Chile along the Peruvian border

Peru-Brazil: none identified

Peru-Chile: Bolivia continues to press for a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean; any concession Chile makes to Bolivia to grant them a sovereign corridor requires approval by Peru under the terms of their treaty; in January 2018, the International Court of Justice ruled that Chile is not legally obligated to negotiate a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean with Bolivia

Peru-Chile-Ecuador: Chile and Ecuador rejected Peru's November 2005 unilateral legislation to shift the axis of their joint treaty-defined maritime boundaries along the parallels of latitude to equidistance lines out to 200 nautical miles, which would give Peru 37,900 square kilometers of water

Peru-Colombia: organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia have penetrated Peru's shared border; problems also include cross border illegal migration, human trafficking, and contraband smuggling

Peru-Ecuador: in 1999, Tiwinza memorial park was created on lands that remains sovereign Peruvian territory, but Ecuador has the right to maintain and administer it in perpetuity