Syrien - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Syrien Syrien
Capital
name: Damascus

geographic coordinates: 33 30 N, 36 18 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins midnight on the last Friday in March; ends at midnight on the last Friday in October

etymology: Damascus is a very old city; its earliest name, Temeseq, first appears in an Egyptian geographical list of the 15th century B.C., but the meaning is uncertain
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Syria; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen of Syria

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Legal system
mixed legal system of civil and Islamic (sharia) law (for family courts)
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Area
total: 187,437 sq km

land: 185,887 sq km

water: 1,550 sq km

note: includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory
Land use
agricultural land: 75.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 25.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 5.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 44.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 2.7% (2018 est.)

other: 21.5% (2018 est.)
Location
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey
Age structure
0-14 years: 33.27% (male 3,914,737/female 3,716,362)

15-64 years: 62.58% (male 7,141,423/female 7,209,386)

65 years and over: 4.15% (2023 est.) (male 445,288/female 506,335)
Birth rate
22.19 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
4.07 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Arabic (official), Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian, French, English

major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

ڕاستییەکانی جیهان، باشترین سەرچاوەیە بۆ زانیارییە بنەڕەتییەکان (Kurdish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 74.55 years

male: 73.09 years

female: 76.1 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
2.585 million DAMASCUS (capital), 2.203 million Aleppo, 1.443 million Hims (Homs), 996,000 Hamah (2023)
Median age
total: 23.5 years

male: 23 years

female: 24 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
45.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.) NA
Population distribution
significant population density along the Mediterranean coast; larger concentrations found in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo (the country's largest city), and Hims (Homs); more than half of the population lives in the coastal plain, the province of Halab, and the Euphrates River valley

note: the ongoing civil war has altered the population distribution
Population growth rate
6.39% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.74 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 57.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 5.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 9 years

male: 9 years

female: 9 years (2013)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-8.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
-14.77% (2020 est.)
Labor force
6.143 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
82.5% (2014 est.)
Unemployment rate
10.57% (2021 est.)

10.26% (2020 est.)

8.77% (2019 est.)
Public debt
94.8% of GDP (2017 est.)

91.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
28.1% (2017 est.)

47.3% (2016 est.)
Exports
$1.85 billion (2017 est.)

$1.705 billion (2016 est.)
Exports - partners
Saudi Arabia 23%, Turkey 18%, Egypt 14%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Jordan 7%, Kuwait 5% (2019)
Imports
$6.279 billion (2017 est.)

$5.496 billion (2016 est.)
Imports - partners
Turkey 27%, China 22%, United Arab Emirates 14%, Egypt 5% (2019)
Airports
90 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 1,549,356 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 8,492,468 (2022 est.)

percent of population: 46.6% (2022 est.)
Railways
total: 2,052 km (2014)

standard gauge: 1,801 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge: 251 km (2014) 1.050-m gauge
Roadways
total: 69,873 km (2010)

paved: 63,060 km (2010)

unpaved: 6,813 km (2010)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,821,171 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 16,990,714 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 80 (2021 est.)
Waterways
900 km (2011) (navigable but not economically significant)
Disputes - international

Syria-Iraq: none identified

Syria-Israel: Golan Heights is Israeli-controlled with UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) patrolling a buffer zone since 1974; because of ceasefire violations and increased military activity in the Golan Heights, the UN Security Council continues to extend UNDOF’s mandate; since 2000, Lebanon has claimed Shab'a Farms in the Golan Heights

Syria-Jordan: the two countries signed an agreement in 2005 to settle the border dispute based on a 1931 demarcation accord; the two countries began demarcation in 2006

Syria-Lebanon: discussions on demarcating the two countries’ maritime borders were held in April 2021, after Syria signed a contract with a Russian company to conduct oil and gas exploration in a disputed maritime area, but the issue was not resolved

Syria-Turkey: none identified


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Syrien
43 688 000 EUR
44 814 000 EUR
2.58 %
Bekleidung
Syrien
66 000 EUR
3 000 EUR
-95.45 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Syrien
14 006 000 EUR
11 429 000 EUR
-18.40 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Syrien
1 956 000 EUR
2 194 000 EUR
12.17 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Syrien
429 000 EUR
667 000 EUR
55.48 %
Energieversorgung
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erze
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Syrien
106 000 EUR
145 000 EUR
36.79 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Getränke
Syrien
13 000 EUR
7 000 EUR
-46.15 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Syrien
1 721 000 EUR
3 935 000 EUR
128.65 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Syrien
1 093 000 EUR
961 000 EUR
-12.08 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Syrien
0 EUR
28 000 EUR
0.00 %
Kohle
Syrien
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Syrien
81 000 EUR
393 000 EUR
385.19 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Syrien
640 000 EUR
375 000 EUR
-41.41 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Syrien
1 000 EUR
15 000 EUR
1 400.00 %
Maschinen
Syrien
4 673 000 EUR
4 409 000 EUR
-5.65 %
Metalle
Syrien
326 000 EUR
1 254 000 EUR
284.66 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Syrien
354 000 EUR
346 000 EUR
-2.26 %
Möbel
Syrien
4 000 EUR
17 000 EUR
325.00 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Syrien
6 940 000 EUR
5 758 000 EUR
-17.03 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Syrien
2 927 000 EUR
6 978 000 EUR
138.40 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Syrien
3 488 000 EUR
1 949 000 EUR
-44.12 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Syrien
5 000 EUR
0 EUR
-100.00 %
Sonstige Waren
Syrien
4 306 000 EUR
3 257 000 EUR
-24.36 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Syrien
300 000 EUR
318 000 EUR
6.00 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Syrien
81 000 EUR
88 000 EUR
8.64 %
Textilien
Syrien
172 000 EUR
288 000 EUR
67.44 %