Belgien - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge:    Belgien Belgien
Capital
name: Brussels

geographic coordinates: 50 50 N, 4 20 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: may derive from the Old Dutch bruoc/broek, meaning "marsh" and sella/zele/sel signifying "home" to express the meaning "home in the marsh"
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Belgium

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
civil law system based on the French Civil Code; note - Belgian law continues to be modified in conformance with the legislative norms mandated by the European Union; judicial review of legislative acts
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Area
total: 30,528 sq km

land: 30,278 sq km

water: 250 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 44.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 27.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 16.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 22.4% (2018 est.)

other: 33.5% (2018 est.)
Location
Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between France and the Netherlands
Age structure
0-14 years: 17.03% (male 1,038,921/female 990,288)

15-64 years: 63.06% (male 3,788,406/female 3,724,202)

65 years and over: 19.91% (2023 est.) (male 1,049,402/female 1,322,414)
Birth rate
10.86 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
9.57 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%

major-language sample(s):
Het Wereld Feitenboek, een onmisbare bron van informatie. (Dutch)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 82.06 years

male: 79.47 years

female: 84.79 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
2.122 million BRUSSELS (capital), 1.057 million Antwerp (2023)
Median age
total: 41.6 years

male: 40.4 years

female: 42.8 years (2020 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
29.2 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
4.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
most of the population concentrated in the northern two-thirds of the country; the southeast is more thinly populated; considered to have one of the highest population densities in the world; approximately 97% live in urban areas
Population growth rate
0.55% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.77 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 98.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
6.7% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 20 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
1.28% (2021 est.)
Labor force
5.24 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
14.8% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
6.42% (2021 est.)

5.55% (2020 est.)

5.36% (2019 est.)
Public debt
119.43% of GDP (2020 est.)

103.38% of GDP (2019 est.)

101.39% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions; general government debt is defined by the Maastricht definition and calculated by the National Bank of Belgium as consolidated gross debt; the debt is defined in European Regulation EC479/2009 concerning the implementation of the protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty on European Union (Treaty of Maastricht) of 7 February 1992; the sub-sectors of consolidated gross debt are: federal government, communities and regions, local government, and social security funds
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.44% (2021 est.)

0.74% (2020 est.)

1.44% (2019 est.)
Exports
$515.625 billion (2021 est.)

$417.222 billion (2020 est.)

$441.566 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Exports - partners
Germany 17%, France 14%, Netherlands 13%, United Kingdom 8%, United States 6%, Italy 5% (2019)
Imports
$509.018 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$408.343 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$438.221 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Netherlands 16%, Germany 13%, France 10%, United States 8%, Ireland 5%, China 5% (2019)
Airports
41 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 4,734,210 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41 (2020 est.)
Internet users
total: 10.92 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 3,602 km (2020) 3,160 km electrified
Roadways
total: 118,414 km (2015)

paved: 118,414 km (2015) (includes 1,747 km of expressways)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 3,293,420 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 11,740,118 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 101 (2021 est.)
Waterways
2,043 km (2012) (1,528 km in regular commercial use)
Disputes - international

none identified


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Belgien
51 411 161 000 EUR
61 829 151 000 EUR
20.26 %
Bekleidung
Belgien
1 093 592 000 EUR
1 193 267 000 EUR
9.11 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Belgien
9 185 892 000 EUR
13 611 263 000 EUR
48.18 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Belgien
2 158 319 000 EUR
2 130 929 000 EUR
-1.27 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Belgien
2 343 902 000 EUR
2 558 764 000 EUR
9.17 %
Energieversorgung
Belgien
325 420 000 EUR
793 686 000 EUR
143.90 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Belgien
20 175 000 EUR
99 791 000 EUR
394.63 %
Erze
Belgien
35 442 000 EUR
9 098 000 EUR
-74.33 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Belgien
430 094 000 EUR
478 304 000 EUR
11.21 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Belgien
3 083 000 EUR
3 013 000 EUR
-2.27 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Belgien
68 491 000 EUR
80 981 000 EUR
18.24 %
Getränke
Belgien
290 273 000 EUR
304 829 000 EUR
5.01 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Belgien
736 242 000 EUR
837 100 000 EUR
13.70 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Belgien
2 042 482 000 EUR
2 229 314 000 EUR
9.15 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Belgien
489 561 000 EUR
512 661 000 EUR
4.72 %
Kohle
Belgien
39 978 000 EUR
56 493 000 EUR
41.31 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Belgien
1 019 309 000 EUR
1 390 448 000 EUR
36.41 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Belgien
6 285 229 000 EUR
8 112 447 000 EUR
29.07 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Belgien
381 567 000 EUR
486 725 000 EUR
27.56 %
Maschinen
Belgien
4 854 418 000 EUR
5 155 302 000 EUR
6.20 %
Metalle
Belgien
3 237 941 000 EUR
3 246 004 000 EUR
0.25 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Belgien
1 513 071 000 EUR
1 590 508 000 EUR
5.12 %
Möbel
Belgien
559 836 000 EUR
591 252 000 EUR
5.61 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Belgien
3 104 977 000 EUR
3 448 241 000 EUR
11.06 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Belgien
1 210 202 000 EUR
1 463 078 000 EUR
20.90 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Belgien
4 162 618 000 EUR
5 446 382 000 EUR
30.84 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Belgien
370 369 000 EUR
349 216 000 EUR
-5.71 %
Sonstige Waren
Belgien
4 867 461 000 EUR
5 040 838 000 EUR
3.56 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Belgien
126 991 000 EUR
125 866 000 EUR
-0.89 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Belgien
80 529 000 EUR
90 571 000 EUR
12.47 %
Textilien
Belgien
373 697 000 EUR
392 780 000 EUR
5.11 %