Ungarn - Daten & Fakten

Daten & Fakten
Flagge: Ungarn Ungarn
Capital
name: Budapest

geographic coordinates: 47 30 N, 19 05 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the Hungarian capital city was formed in 1873 from the merger of three cities on opposite banks of the Danube: Buda and Obuda (Old Buda) on the western shore and Pest on the eastern; the origins of the original names are obscure, but according to the second century A.D. geographer, Ptolemy, the settlement that would become Pest was called "Pession" in ancient times; "Buda" may derive from either a Slavic or Turkic personal name
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Hungary

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years
Legal system
civil legal system influenced by the German model
Suffrage
18 years of age, 16 if married and marriage is registered in Hungary; universal
Area
total: 93,028 sq km

land: 89,608 sq km

water: 3,420 sq km
Land use
agricultural land: 58.9% (2018 est.)

arable land: 48.5% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 8.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 22.5% (2018 est.)

other: 18.6% (2018 est.)
Location
Central Europe, northwest of Romania
Age structure
0-14 years: 14.24% (male 709,089/female 668,143)

15-64 years: 63.97% (male 3,091,384/female 3,094,515)

65 years and over: 21.79% (2023 est.) (male 812,063/female 1,294,815)
Birth rate
8.58 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
12.89 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Hungarian (official) 99.6%, English 16%, German 11.2%, Russian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, French 1.2%, other 4.2%; note - shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census; Hungarian is the mother tongue of 98.9% of Hungarian speakers (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
A World Factbook nélkülözhetetlen forrása az alapvető információnak.  (Hungarian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 77.44 years

male: 73.82 years

female: 81.28 years (2023 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1.778 million BUDAPEST (capital) (2023)
Median age
total: 43.6 years

male: 41.5 years

female: 45.5 years (2020 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
28.4 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
1.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations
Population growth rate
-0.31% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.49 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 72.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
4.8% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
6.64% (2021 est.)
Labor force
4.91 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
12.3% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
4.12% (2021 est.)

4.25% (2020 est.)

3.42% (2019 est.)
Public debt
96.11% of GDP (2020 est.)

83.29% of GDP (2019 est.)

86.55% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: general government gross debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities: currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and national, state, and local government and social security funds.
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
5.11% (2021 est.)

3.33% (2020 est.)

3.34% (2019 est.)
Exports
$148.229 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$124.111 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$133.736 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
Germany 27%, Romania 5%, Italy 5%, Slovakia 5% (2019)
Imports
$147.577 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$121.016 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$129.901 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Germany 25%, China 6%, Poland 6%, Austria 6%, Czechia 5%, Slovakia 5%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)
Airports
41 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 3,382,136 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34.83 (2021 est.)
Internet users
total: 8.633 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 89% (2021 est.)
Railways
total: 7,687 km (2020) 3,111 km electrified
Roadways
total: 203,601 km (2014)

paved: 77,087 km (2014) (includes 1,582 km of expressways)

unpaved: 126,514 km (2014)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,955,979 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 10,248,653 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2021 est.)
Waterways
1,622 km (2011) (most on Danube River)
Disputes - international

bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continue in 2006 with Slovakia over Hungary's failure to complete its portion of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Hungary has implemented the strict Schengen border rules


Länderstatistik

Branche
Land
Unterschied in %
gesamt
Ungarn
28 999 433 000 EUR
32 207 648 000 EUR
11.06 %
Bekleidung
Ungarn
250 677 000 EUR
315 934 000 EUR
26.03 %
Chemische Erzeugnisse
Ungarn
1 845 291 000 EUR
2 179 455 000 EUR
18.11 %
Datenverarbeitungsgeräte, elektr. u. opt. Erzeugn.
Ungarn
3 650 198 000 EUR
3 995 049 000 EUR
9.45 %
Elektrische Ausrüstungen
Ungarn
3 642 279 000 EUR
3 899 026 000 EUR
7.05 %
Energieversorgung
Ungarn
0 EUR
0 EUR
0.00 %
Erdöl und Erdgas
Ungarn
285 515 000 EUR
344 427 000 EUR
20.63 %
Erze
Ungarn
810 000 EUR
1 684 000 EUR
107.90 %
Erzeugnisse der Landwirtschaft und Jagd
Ungarn
107 321 000 EUR
143 688 000 EUR
33.89 %
Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse
Ungarn
2 332 000 EUR
1 181 000 EUR
-49.36 %
Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse
Ungarn
733 000 EUR
397 000 EUR
-45.84 %
Getränke
Ungarn
50 392 000 EUR
56 743 000 EUR
12.60 %
Glas und -waren, Keramik, Steine und Erden
Ungarn
318 396 000 EUR
339 531 000 EUR
6.64 %
Gummi- und Kunststoffwaren
Ungarn
1 399 941 000 EUR
1 529 711 000 EUR
9.27 %
Holz und Holz- Kork- Korb- Flechtwaren ohne Möbel
Ungarn
108 793 000 EUR
125 191 000 EUR
15.07 %
Kohle
Ungarn
1 902 000 EUR
2 209 000 EUR
16.14 %
Kokereierzeugnisse und Mineralölerzeugnisse
Ungarn
173 930 000 EUR
306 317 000 EUR
76.12 %
Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteile
Ungarn
4 418 278 000 EUR
4 289 567 000 EUR
-2.91 %
Leder und Lederwaren
Ungarn
145 318 000 EUR
146 130 000 EUR
0.56 %
Maschinen
Ungarn
4 177 732 000 EUR
4 808 230 000 EUR
15.09 %
Metalle
Ungarn
1 239 799 000 EUR
1 508 474 000 EUR
21.67 %
Metallerzeugnisse
Ungarn
1 266 952 000 EUR
1 369 057 000 EUR
8.06 %
Möbel
Ungarn
193 120 000 EUR
241 098 000 EUR
24.84 %
Nahrungsmittel und Futtermittel
Ungarn
1 003 097 000 EUR
1 165 792 000 EUR
16.22 %
Papier, Pappe und Waren daraus
Ungarn
278 545 000 EUR
363 501 000 EUR
30.50 %
Pharmazeutische und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
Ungarn
1 360 075 000 EUR
1 094 395 000 EUR
-19.53 %
Sonstige Fahrzeuge
Ungarn
1 638 995 000 EUR
2 035 713 000 EUR
24.20 %
Sonstige Waren
Ungarn
1 135 691 000 EUR
1 622 539 000 EUR
42.87 %
Steine und Erden, sonstige Bergbauerzeugnisse
Ungarn
13 228 000 EUR
15 514 000 EUR
17.28 %
Tabakerzeugnisse
Ungarn
35 286 000 EUR
40 526 000 EUR
14.85 %
Textilien
Ungarn
254 807 000 EUR
266 569 000 EUR
4.62 %